Topology
Addressing Table
|
Device
|
Interface
|
IP Address
|
Subnet Mask
|
Default Gateway
|
|
S1
|
VLAN 1
|
192.168.1.11
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
S2
|
VLAN 1
|
192.168.1.12
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
PC-A
|
NIC
|
192.168.10.3
|
255.255.255.0
|
192.168.10.1
|
|
PC-B
|
NIC
|
192.168.10.4
|
255.255.255.0
|
192.168.10.1
|
|
PC-C
|
NIC
|
192.168.20.3
|
255.255.255.0
|
192.168.20.1
|
Objectives
Part 1: Build the Network and
Configure Basic Device Settings
Part 2: Create VLANs and Assign Switch
Ports
Part 3: Maintain VLAN Port
Assignments and the VLAN Database
Part 4: Configure an 802.1Q Trunk between
the Switches
Part 5: Delete the VLAN Database
Background / Scenario
Modern switches use virtual local-area networks
(VLANs) to improve network performance by separating large Layer 2 broadcast
domains into smaller ones. VLANs can also be used as a security measure by
controlling which hosts can communicate. In general, VLANs make it easier to
design a network to support the goals of an organization.
VLAN trunks are used to span VLANs across
multiple devices. Trunks allow the traffic from multiple VLANS to travel over a
single link, while keeping the VLAN identification and segmentation intact.
In this lab, you will create VLANs on
both switches in the topology, assign VLANs to switch access ports, verify that
VLANs are working as expected, and then create a VLAN trunk between the two
switches to allow hosts in the same VLAN to communicate through the trunk,
regardless of which switch the host is actually attached to.
Note: The switches used are Cisco Catalyst
2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.0(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other switches and Cisco
IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands
available and output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs.
Note: Ensure that the switches have been erased and have no startup
configurations. If you are unsure contact your instructor.
Required Resources
·
2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco
IOS Release 15.0(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)
·
3 PCs (Windows 7, Vista, or XP
with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
·
Console cables to configure the
Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
·
Ethernet cables as shown in the
topology
Part 1:
Build the Network and Configure
Basic Device Settings
In Part 1, you will set up the network
topology and configure basic settings on the PC hosts and switches.
Step 1:
Cable the network as shown in
the topology.
Attach the devices as shown in the
topology diagram, and cable as necessary.
Step 2:
Initialize and reload the
switches as necessary.
Step 3:
Configure basic settings for
each switch.
a.
Disable DNS lookup.
b.
Configure device name as shown
in the topology.
c.
Assign class as the privileged EXEC password.
d.
Assign cisco as the console and vty passwords and enable login for console
and vty lines.
e.
Configure logging synchronous for the console line.
f.
Configure a MOTD banner to warn
users that unauthorized access is prohibited.
g.
Configure the IP address listed
in the Addressing Table for VLAN 1 on both switches.
h.
Administratively deactivate all
unused ports on the switch.
i.
Copy the running configuration
to the startup configuration.
Step 4:
Configure PC hosts.
Refer to the Addressing Table for PC host
address information.
Step 5:
Test connectivity.
Verify that the PC hosts can ping one
another.
Note: It may be necessary to disable the PCs firewall to ping between
PCs.
Can PC-A ping
PC-B? _________
Can PC-A ping
PC-C? _________
Can PC-A ping
S1? _________
Can PC-B ping
PC-C? _________
Can PC-B ping
S2? _________
Can PC-C ping
S2? _________
Can S1 ping S2? _________
If you answered no to any of the above
questions, why were the pings unsuccessful?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Part 2:
Create VLANs and Assign Switch
Ports
In Part 2, you will create student,
faculty, and management VLANs on both switches. You will then assign the VLANs
to the appropriate interface. The show
vlan command is used to verify your configuration settings.
Step 1:
Create VLANs on the switches.
a.
Create the VLANs on S1.
S1(config)# vlan
10
S1(config-vlan)# name Student
S1(config-vlan)# vlan 20
S1(config-vlan)# name Faculty
S1(config-vlan)# vlan 99
S1(config-vlan)# name Management
S1(config-vlan)# end
b.
Create the same VLANs on S2.
c.
Issue the show vlan command to view the list of VLANs on S1.
S1# show
vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- --------------------------------
--------- -------------------------------
1
default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3,
Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
Gi0/1, Gi0/2
10 Student active
20 Faculty active
99 Management active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
VLAN Type
SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------
-------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1
enet 100001 1500
- - -
- - 0
0
10
enet 100010 1500
- - -
- - 0
0
20 enet
100020 1500 -
- - -
- 0 0
99
enet 100099 1500
- - -
- - 0
0
VLAN Type
SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------
-------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1002 fddi
101002 1500 -
- - -
- 0 0
1003 tr
101003 1500 -
- - -
- 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500
- - -
ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500
- - -
ibm - 0
0
Remote SPAN VLANs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- -----------------
------------------------------------------
What is the default VLAN? ___________
What ports are assigned to the default
VLAN?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2:
Assign VLANs to the correct
switch interfaces.
a.
Assign VLANs to the interfaces
on S1.
1)
Assign PC-A to the Student
VLAN.
S1(config)# interface f0/6
S1(config-if)# switchport mode access
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10
2)
Move the switch IP address VLAN
99.
S1(config)# interface vlan 1
S1(config-if)# no ip address
S1(config-if)# interface vlan 99
S1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0
S1(config-if)# end
b.
Issue the show vlan brief command
and verify that the VLANs are assigned to the correct interfaces.
S1# show
vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- --------------------------------
--------- -------------------------------
1
default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3,
Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/7,
Fa0/8, Fa0/9
Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17
Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21
Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1
Gi0/2
10 Student active Fa0/6
20
Faculty
active
99
Management
active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
c.
Issue the show ip interfaces brief command.
What is the status of VLAN 99? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
d.
Use the Topology to assign
VLANs to the appropriate ports on S2.
e.
Remove the IP address for VLAN
1 on S2.
f.
Configure an IP address for
VLAN 99 on S2 according to the Addressing Table.
g.
Use the show vlan brief command to verify that the VLANs are assigned to
the correct interfaces.
S2# show
vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- --------------------------------
--------- -------------------------------
1
default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3,
Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6,
Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
10 Student active Fa0/11
20 Faculty active Fa0/18
99
Management
active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
Is PC-A able to ping PC-B? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Is S1 able to ping S2? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Part 3:
Maintain VLAN Port Assignments
and the VLAN Database
In Part 3, you will change VLAN
assignments to ports and remove VLANs from the VLAN database.
Step 1:
Assign a VLAN to multiple
interfaces.
a.
On S1, assign interfaces F0/11
– 24 to VLAN 10.
S1(config)# interface
range f0/11-24
S1(config-if-range)# switchport mode access
S1(config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 10
S1(config-if-range)# end
b.
Issue the show vlan brief command to verify VLAN assignments.
c.
Reassign F0/11 and F0/21 to
VLAN 20.
d.
Verify that VLAN assignments
are correct.
Step 2:
Remove a VLAN assignment from
an interface.
a.
Use the no switchport access vlan
command to remove the VLAN 10 assignment to F0/24.
S1(config)# interface
f0/24
S1(config-if)# no switchport access vlan
S1(config-if)# end
b.
Verify that the VLAN change was
made.
Which VLAN is F0/24 is now associated
with?
Step 3:
Remove a VLAN ID from the VLAN
database.
a.
Add VLAN 30 to interface F0/24
without issuing the VLAN command.
S1(config)# interface
f0/24
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 30
% Access VLAN does not exist. Creating vlan 30
Note: Current switch technology no longer requires that the vlan command be issued to add a VLAN to
the database. By assigning an unknown VLAN to a port, the VLAN adds to the VLAN
database.
b.
Verify that the new VLAN is displayed
in the VLAN table.
S1# show vlan
brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- --------------------------------
--------- -------------------------------
1
default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3,
Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
10
Student
active Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14,
Fa0/15
Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
Fa0/20, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
20
Faculty
active Fa0/11, Fa0/21
30 VLAN0030 active Fa0/24
99
Management
active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
What is the default name of VLAN 30?
____________________________________________________________________________________
c.
Use the no vlan 30 command to remove VLAN 30 from the VLAN database.
S1(config)# no
vlan 30
S1(config)# end
d.
Issue the show vlan brief command. F0/24 was assigned to VLAN 30.
After deleting VLAN 30, what VLAN is port
F0/24 assigned to? What happens to the traffic destined to the host attached to
F0/24?
____________________________________________________________________________________
S1# show
vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- --------------------------------
--------- -------------------------------
1
default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3,
Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9,
Fa0/10, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
10
Student
active Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14,
Fa0/15
Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
Fa0/20, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
20
Faculty
active Fa0/11, Fa0/21
99
Management
active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
e.
Issue the no switchport access vlan command on interface F0/24.
f.
Issue the show vlan brief command to determine the VLAN assignment for F0/24.
To which VLAN is F0/24 assigned?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Note: Before removing a VLAN from the database, it is recommended that
you reassign all the ports assigned to that VLAN.
Why should you reassign a port to another
VLAN before removing the VLAN from the VLAN database?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Part 4:
Configure an 802.1Q Trunk
Between the Switches
In Part 4, you will configure interface
F0/1 to use the Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) to allow it to negotiate the trunk
mode. After this has been accomplished and verified, you will disable DTP on
interface F0/1 and manually configure it as a trunk.
Step 1:
Use DTP to initiate trunking on
F0/1.
The default DTP mode of a 2960 switch
port is dynamic auto. This allows the interface to convert the link to a trunk
if the neighboring interface is set to trunk or dynamic desirable mode.
a.
Set F0/1 on S1 to negotiate
trunk mode.
S1(config)# interface
f0/1
S1(config-if)# switchport mode dynamic desirable
*Mar
1 05:07:28.746: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1,
changed state to down
*Mar
1 05:07:29.744: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
S1(config-if)#
*Mar
1 05:07:32.772: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
S1(config-if)#
*Mar
1 05:08:01.789: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan99, changed state to up
*Mar
1 05:08:01.797: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1,
changed state to up
You should also receive link status
messages on S2.
S2#
*Mar
1 05:07:29.794: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
S2#
*Mar
1 05:07:32.823: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
S2#
*Mar
1 05:08:01.839: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan99,
changed state to up
*Mar
1 05:08:01.850: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1,
changed state to up
b.
Issue the show vlan brief command on S1 and S2. Interface F0/1 is no longer
assigned to VLAN 1. Trunked interfaces are not listed in the VLAN table.
S1# show
vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- --------------------------------
--------- -------------------------------
1
default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10
Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
10
Student
active Fa0/6, Fa0/12, Fa0/13,
Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
20
Faculty
active Fa0/11, Fa0/21
99
Management
active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
c.
Issue the show interfaces trunk command to view trunked interfaces. Notice
that the mode on S1 is set to desirable, and the mode on S2 is set to auto.
S1# show
interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Fa0/1
desirable 802.1q trunking 1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/1
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/1
1,10,20,99
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/1
1,10,20,99
S2# show
interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Fa0/1
auto 802.1q trunking 1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/1
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/1
1,10,20,99
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/1
1,10,20,99
Note: By default, all VLANs are allowed on a trunk. The switchport trunk command allows you to control
what VLANs have access to the trunk. For this lab, keep the default settings which
allows all VLANs to traverse F0/1.
d.
Verify that VLAN traffic is
traveling over trunk interface F0/1.
Can S1 ping S2? ___________
Can PC-A ping
PC-B? ___________
Can PC-A ping
PC-C? ___________
Can PC-B ping
PC-C? ___________
Can PC-A ping
S1? ___________
Can PC-B ping
S2? ___________
Can PC-C ping
S2? ___________
If you answered no to any of the above
questions, explain below.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2:
Manually configure trunk
interface F0/1.
The switchport
mode trunk command is used to manually configure a port as a trunk. This
command should be issued on both ends of the link.
a.
Change the switchport mode on
interface F0/1 to force trunking. Make sure to do this on both switches.
S1(config)# interface
f0/1
S1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
b.
Issue the show interfaces trunk command to view the trunk mode. Notice that
the mode changed from desirable to on.
S2# show
interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Fa0/1
on 802.1q trunking 99
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/1
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/1
1,10,20,99
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/1
1,10,20,99
Why might you want to manually configure
an interface to trunk mode instead of using DTP?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Part 5:
Delete the VLAN Database
In Part 5, you will delete the VLAN
Database from the switch. It is necessary to do this when initializing a switch
back to its default settings.
Step 1:
Determine if the VLAN database
exists.
Issue the show flash command to determine if a vlan.dat file exists in flash.
S1# show
flash
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 1285
Mar 1 1993 00:01:24 +00:00
config.text
3 -rwx 43032
Mar 1 1993 00:01:24 +00:00
multiple-fs
4 -rwx 5
Mar 1 1993 00:01:24 +00:00
private-config.text
5 -rwx 11607161
Mar 1 1993 02:37:06 +00:00
c2960-lanbasek9-mz.150-2.SE.bin
6 -rwx
736 Mar 1 1993 00:19:41
+00:00 vlan.dat
32514048 bytes total (20858880 bytes free)
Note: If there is a vlan.dat
file located in flash, then the VLAN database does not contain its default
settings.
Step 2:
Delete the VLAN database.
a.
Issue the delete vlan.dat command to delete the vlan.dat file from flash and
reset the VLAN database back to its default settings. You will be prompted
twice to confirm that you want to delete the vlan.dat file. Press Enter both
times.
S1# delete vlan.dat
Delete filename [vlan.dat]?
Delete flash:/vlan.dat? [confirm]
S1#
b.
Issue the show flash command to verify that the vlan.dat file has been
deleted.
S1# show
flash
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 1285
Mar 1 1993 00:01:24 +00:00
config.text
3 -rwx 43032
Mar 1 1993 00:01:24 +00:00
multiple-fs
4 -rwx 5
Mar 1 1993 00:01:24 +00:00
private-config.text
5 -rwx 11607161
Mar 1 1993 02:37:06 +00:00
c2960-lanbasek9-mz.150-2.SE.bin
32514048 bytes total (20859904 bytes free)
To initialize a switch back to its
default settings, what other commands are needed?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Reflection
1.
What is needed to allow hosts
on VLAN 10 to communicate to hosts on VLAN 20?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.
What are some primary benefits that
an organization can receive through effective use of VLANs?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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